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I will add more files if you need. I did not add too many. I did add my draft to the first part of this paper… the draft of the introduction should be read. It is about the physical, violent and forced removal of homeless peoples from public space in New York City. It is a historical background of anti-homelessness which includes park raids, closures, sanitation sweeps. I end the introduction by mentioning that in recent years, the city has took to a different approach at antihomelessness —hostile architecture YOUR 9 PAGES FOCUS ON HOSTILE ARCHITECTURE First describe what it is. Generally, hostile/defensive architecture is “an urban-design strategy that uses elements of the built environment to purposefully guide or restrict behavior. It often targets people who use or rely on public space more than others, such as youth, poor people, and homeless people, by restricting the physical behaviors they can engage in” This includes things like bench dividers, spiked railings. There are many examples in the files. Go into detail about the citys initiative to change the architecture. Talk about the subway system.. How much money went into changing the architecture so that homeless people would not be able to sleep.. ANALYZE.. What does this mean for the homeless? Go into detail about how this complicates the lives of homeless people. hostile structures make it impossible for them to find comfort, forcing them to find other means of warmth, shelter. This can lead to more dangerous situations and increased risk to outdoor conditions (weather as well as crime, drug use, etc.) USE THE ARTICLES TO SUPPORT YOUR IDEAS. Hostile architecture presents a potentially deadly risk to the homeless. Of course, without having the streets and the subways to sleep and rest in, one would think to turn to the homeless shelters in nyc. (see the files below) there are many reasons why the homeless people avoid shelters. There are not nearly enough shelters to house all fo the citys homeless. Overcrowdedness. fighting. drug use. In all… hostile architecture is pushing the homeless into one tiny, dangerous box (known as shelters)… rather than actually helping Furthermore, analyze what this means about public space. if the city would invest more than 74 million dollars to get rid of the homeless, who is public space really for? Public space is not for everybody as much as it is for consumers. Public space is for tax payers, it is for employed and housed people. It is for people who intend to only stay a short while. We must analyze public space as what it is and what it is not. Lastly, make a connection to the physical anti-homelessness. In some ways, hostile architecture is worse than being kicked out of a park, or dealing with park closures. While it does not always include police officers, arrests and sanitation trucks, hostile architecture presents a greater issue for the homeless… having absolutely nowhere to turn to. This is a research paper. You are not saying “this must be stopped”.. you are just pointing out whats going on and analyzing it to show the readers how the city has silently found a way to exclude, avoid and kill the homeless people through architecture. Do not repeat yourself many times. Do not use many direct quotes unless necessary.. Please please please use complex sentences and sophisticated language that makes sense. Reach out if you need help. Use the sources I gave you… they have what you need. if you really need to use something else that’s okay… but please do not change my topic. I need this to make sense and flow with the introduction that I am writing myself.