The vertebrate jaw evolved from non-jawed vertebrates that possessed pharyngeal gill apparatus. The anterior gill bars in fish are believed to have evolved into the jaw. The pharyngeal arches were undifferentiated

and their transformation in different positions led to the development of the jaw. Each position-specific differentiation is attributed to Hox genes’ transcription and endothelium signaling. The pharyngeal arches’ transformation proves the theory behind jaw evolution. Different vertebrates use the jaws for different purposes depending on the transformation involved and the structures supported by the jaw. The jaw supports teeth and other feeding structures in vertebrates. Significant morphological changes in jaw elements include the support skeleton

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