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Instructions: Please answer THREE of the essay questions listed on the next page. Each of
your THREE essays should be:
– Approximately 1 page in length. Essays can be longer than 1 page, but should not
exceed 2 pages;
– Single-spaced;
– 12-point font.
Sources. In general, you are free to use any readings from throughout the course for these
essays; however, please also pay special attention to the readings that each essay might
call your attention to. The use of unassigned readings is unconditionally prohibited. In-
text citation (AUTHOR YEAR, PAGE#) is sufficient without a list of references. Avoid
footnotes. Plagiarism = course failure. No exceptions.
Do sweat the details. Don’t forget to proofread. Clarity in the development and
organization of a main argument can make a big difference.
Evaluation. In each of these essays, you will be evaluated on the extent to which you
demonstrate command of arguments and mechanisms explored in lecture and in readings,
as well as your ability to draw connections among the various concepts and mechanisms
we’ve considered across the course. In general, the aim is synthesis and depth.
ESSAY OPTIONS:
1) According to Walzer: “War is so awful that it makes us cynical about the
possibility of restraint, and then it is so much worse that it makes us indignant at
the absence of restraint” (p. 46). Explain what Walzer means by this. In your
response, please refer to the realist argument (Chapter 1), the sea slug analogy
(chapter 4, sub-section “The Legalist Paradigm”), and any relevant course
materials.
2) Many scholars note that the mere awareness of inter-group conflict has a
significant impact on behavior and motivation within each group. Describe, as
fully and in as much detail as possible, the within-group effects of between-group
competition and violence.
3) Two parts: First, discuss one way in which this course has changed your mind
about human intergroup violence (or simply “war”). What did you previously
believe, and what arguments and evidence were particularly persuasive in
changing your mind? Second, discuss one way in which your beliefs about war
remain unchanged by the end of the course. Your response to this second sub-
question should take one of two forms: A) Explain why you found certain
alternative arguments unconvincing. OR B) Explain how certain arguments
reinforced, or helped to further explain what you already believed to be true about
war.
4) Your readings on forgiveness (March 30) included an opinion piece by Joe Quinn,
who, in a reply to readers’ comments in that article, said the following: “My hope
is that our leaders don’t act like a 21-year-old from Brooklyn who wants to
avenge his brother’s death, but that they will be the adults in the room, develop a
grand strategy to protect the U.S., our allies and our interests and not fall for the
sunk-cost fallacy, where we are continuing to invest in Afghanistan because of
costs already incurred.” Question: As a political psychologist with an emerging
knowledge of the dynamics of conflict, revenge and leadership, how would you
respond to Joe Quinn?
books from class:
Michael Horowitz. Why Leaders Fight.
– Sophia Moskalenko & Clark McCauley. The Marvel of Martyrdom. (eBook from WSU library)
– Sebastian Junger. War.
– Michael Walzer. Just and Unjust Wars.
– Sebastian Junger. Tribe: On Homecoming and Belonging.
