How do children come to know that pictures and models are symbols for other things?

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Learning Goal: I’m working on a psychology multi-part question and need an explanation and answer to help me learn.book required: Bjorklund, David F. and Causey, K.B. (2009). Children’s Thinking, 6th edition, Los Angeles: Sageplease answer every part to the question.1.) How do children come to know that pictures and models are symbols for other things? Describe the results of the DeLoache experiments using pictures and scale models to help young children find a toy. How do the researchers use the concept of dual representation to interpret their findings? What do we learn from this study about the type and quality of children’s representations in the preschool years? 2.) What is the Appearance/Reality Distinction? What insight into children’s understand of the relation between appearance and reality did we gain from the Maynard the cat study? What are some real world examples of children confusing appearance and reality? Explain Flavell’s concept of dual encoding and how it might account for children’s behavior. How is this related to the problems observed in the DeLoache experiments?3.) What are the basic assumptions of Piaget’s theory? What is meant by the statement that Piaget was a stage theorist? What was his conception of the role of the child in obtaining knowledge? Did he believe that children are basically passive recipients of information in the environment? Or did he see them as more active? Please explain. How did Piaget conceive of developmental change? Did he see it as more slow and gradual or as more abrupt? What was his position on the domain-general/domain-specific debate?4.) What are the four major stages of Piaget’s theory? Provide a name for each stage and then describe, 1. the ages at which that stage occurs, 2., the cognitive accomplishments of that stage. In the context of these stages, clarify what is meant by goal-directed behavior, reversibility, decentration, egocentricity, hypothetic-deductive reasoning, and inductive reasoning.
Requirements: 200-300 words per question   |   .doc file

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