Comparative Psychology Questions

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Chapter 8 Questions:

1.

Females of many African cichlid fish lay their eggs on lake bottoms in depressions made by males. The females brood their eggs and young fry in their mouths. A female picks up her orange eggs almost as quickly as she lays them. As this happens, the male cichlid that made the “nest” may move in front of her and spread his anal fin, which in many species is decorated with a line of large orange spots. The female may try to pick up the objects on the fin. As she does, the male releases his sperm, some of which swim into the female’s mouth, where they fertilize her eggs (Egger et al. 2011). If sensory exploitation explains the evolutionary origin of the female’s behavior, what prediction can you make about how female fish of a related species will respond to the normally unspotted anal fins of males that have been painted with colorful egg-like spots?

.2 In studying the courtship behavior of the empid flies, E. L. Kessel was amazed to find a species, Hilara sartor, in which males gather together to hover in swarms, carrying empty silken balloons, which females accept prior to mating with balloon-carrying males (Kessel 1955). Use the concept of a co-opted, preexisting sensory system to explain how this sort of behavior could have originated. You should know that many empid flies are predatory and that males often offer their mates a prey item as an inducement to mate. In one species of this sort, some males supply their mates with an inedible dandelion-like tufted seed (LaBas and Hockman 2005).

Chapter 9 Questions:

1. Female satin bowerbirds (Ptilonorhynchus violaceus) appear to favor males that give very intense, even aggressive, courtship displays. Perhaps that is why females are often “jumpy” when in the presence of a displaying male. Males differ in how they adjust their displays in response to the female’s reaction. Females that often flinch as the male displays tend to leave the site without mating, whereas females that crouch down in the male’s bower are more likely to stay and mate with the displaying male. Why might these observations have led Gerald Borgia and colleagues to hypothesize that the bower enables females to protect themselves against forced copulation attempts by displaying males (Patricelli et al. 2002)? How could males gain by making it harder for themselves to force females to mate? See Patricelli et al.

2. Male rats, sheep, cattle, rhesus monkeys, and humans that have copulated to satiation with one female are speedily rejuvenated if they gain access to a new female. This phenomenon is called the Coolidge effect, supposedly because when Mrs. Calvin Coolidge learned on a farm tour that roosters copulate dozens of times each day, she said, “Please tell that to the president.” When the president was told, he asked his guide, “Same hen every time?” Upon learning that roosters select a new hen each time, he said, “Please tell that to Mrs. Coolidge.” Provide a sexual selectionist hypothesis for the evolution of the Coolidge effect. Use your hypothesis to predict what kinds of species should lack the Coolidge effect.

3. Gene-centered thinking tells us that sexual reproduction is a Darwinian puzzle in and of itself. Why? Consider the fitness consequences for asexual (i.e., parthenogenetic) females in competition with sexual ones in a given population in which both types produce equal numbers of offspring. When you have dealt with this problem, you should be surprised to learn that in many aphids, females are perfectly capable of cloning themselves, which occurs in one generation after another before one group of females produces a generation of both sons and daughters; these males and females then engage in sexual reproduction before their descendants resume cloning themselves (Moran and Dunbar 2006). What is the Darwinian puzzle here?Marketing-Case Analysis of Apple iPhone
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I posted the instruction on the first file, and case on the second file.

Analysis must be based on the case.

1-1.5 page and single space is OK.Organizations and HR in Today’s Business Environment: assignment help philadelphia
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Understanding the “big picture” of the corporate or organizational world is fundamental to becoming an effective strategic HR partner, Organizations have always had a well-defined process for strategic planning and decision making, but for decades it rarely involved HR, which was typically relegated to support functions such as hiring, firing, training, compensation (payroll, benefits), teams, morale, conflict management, etc. . Today, in the complex world requiring acute organizational flexibility to accommodate almost overnight changes like acquisitions and mergers – or liquidations – and new markets and competition, the CEO and Chief Executive’s team (the Corporate Suite, or, C-Suite) need the knowledge and insight of HR in capitalizing on its greatest asset, its human capital and its organizational knowledge. It is well established that the organizations that manage its knowledge like a tangible asset, have an edge in an ever evolving and highly competitive world. With this in mind and using the assigned readings for this week, identify an organization with which you are familiar, and:
Briefly describe the organization Based on what you know of HR functions, describe how HR appears to function within that organization and how it evolved, (i.e., briefly relate the history) Describe how HR appears to effectively/ineffectively leverage the organization’s intangible assets, e.g., knowledge, to the organization’s benefit, providing at least two specific example(s). Assess where they are and where they need to be in light of HR’s changing role as a strategic partner.
Be sure to cite examples from this week’s readings and others you find in the Library to support your claims.200-250 only: assignment help philadelphia
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The video clip, “The Baloney Detection Kit,” this week discusses the ways an effective critical thinker assesses claims made by others.
Examine some key reasons why people might seem attracted to pseudoscience-type claims. Describe at least two (2) such claims that you have heard people make and analyze the main reasons why such claims do or do not meet rigorous scientific methodology standards. Determine at least two (2) ways in which the material discussed this week has changed your own thinking.as per writer
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Current Trends and Issues in Managed Care
Compensation and reimbursement models are another method of controlling access, cost, and quality in a managed care environment. An MCO doesn’t have direct control over physicians or hospitals but through contractual agreements that set incentives for meeting agreed-upon standards, it can exert influence.

This week, you are required to write an essay on the following topics:
Managed care hospital reimbursement Managed care provider reimbursement
Using the South University Online library (e.g. CINAHL) or the Internet, review at least two articles for each topic and write a review for each source of information. Use the following guidelines for developing your essay:
Write a summary for each topic tying together the information learned about that topic. Analyze the market forces that would favor using one reimbursement method over another. Evaluate the key differences between different types of payment methodologies from the provider and hospital point of view. Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the payment methodologies reviewed from the provider and hospital point of view. Evaluate new payment methodologies resulting from the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) and discuss future changes in reimbursement methodologies. Compare and contrast each article to the information discussed in the course textbook.
This paper should be formatted in APA and be 3-5 pages in length without a cover and reference page. Include and introduction and conclusion in your paper. See Project rubric for requirements

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