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Learning Goal: I’m working on a writing question and need an explanation and answer to help me learn.Kody FarmerSaint Leo UniversityCRJ-530-MCOL2 Ethics in Criminal JusticeDr. Gary MettsMarch 2nd, 2022AbstractSelf-interest and selfishness are two of the ugly underlying issues today. This opens the door for ethical egoism to be a common problem. Ethical egoism, of the idea that you can, and should act in ways that promote your own interests above all else, have made people go to jail at a higher rate, stay in jail longer, promoting the United States government to place heavy sanctions on the poor (and downright making being poor a crime in itself). American citizens are not having their needs met, so they resort to crime. This vicious cycle prompts ethical egoism in making people make the choice between breaking the law, and the possibility of being jailed for not being able to meet your basic needs, or to not have those needs met altogether. There are few avenues in which these people can act outside of the path of ethical egoism, and the paths that are allowed are illegalEthical Egoism and IssuesAccording to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2002), Ethical Egoism is defined as the philosophy that one should perform an action if, and because, that action maximizes self-interest. For example, if you go to the grocery store and pay for an item that is $9.95 with a $10 bill. The cashier then hands you back $10.05, thinking that you gave them a $20 bill instead.Acting in your own self-interest, you would take the extra $10 because it was not your mistake that was made, and it would be in your best interest to have an extra $10, however, it was not your money to begin with. Ethical Egoism would justify keeping this money and deem it moral because it was in your self-interest to keep it, but this is not the case. In this example, it would not only be immoral, but illegal. Yes, it was not your mistake, but it is still a form of theft, and that company has the legal right to reclaim that money from you.In the criminal justice field, mis-returned money is not the only form of ethical egoism that can come into play. In Texas, under the Texas Penal Code 38.171, Failure to Report a Crime, which is a criminal offense, occurs when a person, “observes the commission of a felony under circumstances in which a reasonable person would believe that an offense had been committed in which serious bodily injury or death may have resulted.” This law, in and of itself, contradicts ethical egoism. It would be in one’s best interests, if the crime did not involve them, to keep quiet about a crime that committed if they were not involved, or a victim of the crime. The retaliation from the criminals that committed the crime could seek vengeance over you reporting something that had nothing to do with you.While in though, ethical egoism makes sense in the fact that it would normally be ethically and morally acceptable, the entire United States Criminal Justice System contradicts this thought. There are things that might be in your best interest but are also against the law. For example, if you are attempting to feed your family, but do not have the money, you might have to resort to criminal activity to accomplish this. Your self-interest would be to get food, however necessary, so you steal food from a local grocery store. Understandably, you must eat to survive, but stealing is against the law. This leads into the notion that the United States makes it a crime to be poor.When you commit a crime to obtain your basic human needs (food, water, and shelter), you see how the United States punishes individuals for having less resources than the general public. After getting caught for these crimes, many people are jailed and punished for being poor by not having the means to pay their bail, much less afford adequate defense (Eldeman, 2017). Eldeman (2017) continues to state that whenever people are faced with the situation of committing these crimes, or having their needs met (no matter what the specific need of that particular time), they must choose between running the risk of being charged with a crime or having something to eat/drink. Here, ethical egoism would state that stealing the food, or whatever else you are trying to obtain at that time, would be ethically and morally sound because you are acting in your self-interest and would actually be immoral to not meet that need.Another issue with ethical egoism is the fact that you need to cooperation of others (Stanford, 2019). However, when you act solely with your own self-interest in mind, you will isolate yourself, and in turn, revealing yourself to be selfish and have no interest in helping others. These actions will hinder your ability to get people to assist you in seeking the outcome you are interested in. If you managed to get someone to help you, then they shatter the ideal of ethical egoism. Those people would be doing something with no benefit to them for you to achieve what you were looking for (Stanford, 2019). In this particular circumstance, both you, and the other party would only lookout for yourself, so neither one of you would obtain success. It would be a self-sabotaging, organically manifested issue that would have no outcome that would prove ethical egoism as a successful approach.The next issue with ethical egoism would be the duty that people have to act in a given circumstance. The result that is referenced in the Stanford Encyclopedia (2019), would be that of a child drowning. If an individual observed a child struggling to breathe, and keep themselves afloat, according to ethical egoism, you are not obligated to do anything. Any action there, short of it being your child, does not promote self-interest. It would, in fact, do the opposite. It would put you in danger. If you went into the water, you put yourself at risk, no matter how minimal the risk it, and does not serve to benefit you. The vast majority of people would agree that you have the duty to intervene since the child is struggling to stay alive, the risk of danger to yourself is minimal, and it is the decent thing to do, even if it has no direct benefit to yourself (Stanford, 2019). Another example would be if you saw a toddler playing on the highway. Ethical egoism would require that you continue about your own personal business. The action of getting that child to safety would put you in harm’s way and not further your own interests. Even the matter of calling the police, or anyone for that matter, would be required. Almost everybody, in any civilization, would think that just leaving the toddler to get hit by a vehicle as morally sound.A third argument in the opposition of ethical egoism is that of the lack of the ability to do multiple things at once. If you are given an opportunity to do something that furthers your self-interest, that time is taking away from something else that could also further your self-interest (Stanford, 2019). A simple example would be if you were going to eat lunch or enter a contest where the prize is an amount of cash. With ethical egoism, you would have to pick between the two. No matter what you ended up choosing, the other option would either have to be placed on the preverbal back burner or be disregarded entirely. If you stay where were and ate lunch, you will forfeit your opportunity to win the cash prize from the contest, but if you go and attempt to win the cash, and with no guarantee that you would be the winner, you will have to be putting off one of your basic needs to survive. You could give yourself nutrition in the future, but you also miss out on the benefits of eating lunch because you competed in the contest. While it makes sense on paper, ethical egoism is not something that our society can run on, nor is it legal. With laws against theft, assault, and white-collar crimes, the act of self-interest at the expense of others will not only keep you from obtaining what you seek to, but it will also likely land yourself in prison for one crime or another. Self-interest is a difficult thing to navigate without becoming selfish or promoting your own agenda over the interest of others. With that in mind, mankind must create a way to interact with each other that benefits both sides equally.Respond to this persons discussion
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