1. The Informative Speech The informative speech will be approximately 5 to 6 mi

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1. The Informative Speech
The informative speech will be approximately 5 to 6 minutes in length.
The informative speech requires you to orally cite a minimum of four sources not including your visual aid. So if you use a visual aid you didn’t create, you will have five sources total because you need to cite your visual aid; however, if you create your own visual aid, you will only need four sources.
The informative speech requires a visual aid (visual aids can serve as sources.)
cover effectively in 5-6 minutes
2. The Informative Outline
The outline must be in MLA outline form – not paragraph or essay form.
The informative outline will be a full-sentence outline.
The outline must include in-text citation statements within the outline whenever it gives ANY information that you gathered from a source.
The Outline is due the day of your speech before your session starts.
3. Works Cited Page
The Works Cited page will be in MLA format.
The works cited page will include a minimum of 4 sources.
Each source you used in your speech should have a full citation in MLA formatting.
Sources are to be alphabetized by author’s last name, NOT listed in the order cited.
The Works Cited Page should be the last page of your outline.
4. Annotated Bibliography
There should be a minimum of 4 sources.
The annotated bibliography should be in MLA format.
Your sources should be alphabetized by author’s last name, NOT listed in the order cited.
Following the citation, each entry should have three paragraphs.
Each entry should start with an MLA formatted citation, then be followed by three paragraphs that give:
Paragraph 1- a brief summary of the source
Paragraph 2- an explanation of how you qualified the source
Paragraph 3- an explanation of how you will use the source in your speech
Common Confusion When Creating an Informative Speech
Overwhelmingly, the most common confusion with the informative speech is when students accidentally create a persuasive speech. There are three ways they typically do this:
1. “The benefits of (insert topic here).”
Although it seems at its face to be informative, this would not be an appropriate informative topic because it is actually a persuasive speech. Whenever you just inform your audience all about the benefits of any topic, you are actually clearly trying to persuade us that your topic is “good.” This is actually a common persuasive tactic that even has a name (stasis of quality). We will learn more about this persuasive tactic in our next unit, but for now all you need to know is it is not an informative speech when you “inform” your audience all about the “benefits” of any topic.
Let me give you an example of of main points from a topic I know no one is doing because it is on my “I can’t even again” list: Recycling.
Proposed informative topic: “The benefits of recycling.”
Main points:
I. It helps bring down greenhouse gasses
II. You can earn money
III. You can lower your carbon footprint
The problem with creating an informative speech where the main points are all the “benefits” of the topic is it is very biased, where the speaker is trying to convenience us (or persuade us) of how “good” their topic is.
2. Using a Persuasive Organizational Pattern (Cause and Effect or Problem/Solution)
Cause and Effect Example: “The effects of recycling.”
I. Recycling lowers greenhouse gasses
II. Recycling brings the community together
III. Recycling reduces the speed at which we destroy forests
Remember, the cause/effect organizational pattern is not allowed in the informative speech. The problem with cause and effect organizational speech pattern is that it is inherently persuasive. It almost always takes a side with the topic and uses the causes or effects to try and persuade the audience to either view the topic as “good” or “bad” (in this example, the effects of recycling clearing make it a “good” thing, while the effects of not recycling are clearly “bad.”)
Problem/Solution Example:
I. Climate Change
II. Pollution
III. Recycle
A problem/solution is ALWAYS a persuasive organizational pattern because you are proposing the audience takes an action (recycle) to solve the problem that you’ve put forth (climate change and pollution). This is never informative.
3. “You should (insert topic here).”
Working off the above example, this would look something like: “We should all recycle.”
If you “inform” us about a topic, but your ultimate goal is to get your audience to change their behavior (such as “we should buy less non-recyclable materials”), or if your ultimate goal is to get your audience to take a specific action (such as “we should recycle all our recyclable materials”), you are actually trying to persuade your audience to do something. In informative speaking, I call this “should’ing all over your audience.”
Remember, in an informative speech, your goal is just to inform your audience on interesting and relevant aspects a topic they won’t already know about; you should not be attempting to 1) change your audience’s stance about a topic, 2) get your audience to do something in relation to your topic, or 3) show your audience how “good” or “bad” your topic is that you are informing us about.
Now let’s fix it!! (An actual informative example)
So let’s fix what we have seen above by taking the same topic (recycling) and making it informative with main points like this:
Example of outline on recycling with Informative Main Points:
I. The process of recycling (the subpoints would take us through how recyclable products are recycled in a recycling plant)
II. Common things people think can be recycled but cannot (the subpoints would take list things people assume can be recycled, but they can’t, such as cardboard pizza boxes)
III. Important legislation regarding recycling (the subpoints would explain specific laws about recycling)
I hope this helps, and I can’t wait to learn all kinds of new things in speech two!

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