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Due by Mon., July 11th at 11:59 pm CDT (uploaded as a PDF to the Submission Portal under ‘Modules’)
Assignment Objectives: For students to complete an outline of the background Geoscience of their paper. Identify the main points which will be covered in the body of the final paper. Organize key themes into sections with sub-titles.
Paper Specifications: By the end of the semester, you will write an 8 to 12-page paper on your chosen Geoscience topic. For your final paper, the 8-page minimum is to be composed entirely of your writing. Therefore, the body of your paper should be no less than 6 pages. This will allow for roughly a page for the intro and conclusion. (Note: This minimum page limit does not include a title page, images, quotes, tables, graphs, bibliography etc.)
Your final paper will follow the typical essay format with an introduction, body, conclusion and bibliography. The body will be the largest section of your paper. It should include any background science or information on your topic, a review of the research literature up to this point and any other salient points etc.
I find the easiest process for writing the body of a paper is to first develop an outline of the key points to discuss. For this assignment, you will construct the outline for the rough draft of the body of your paper. To do this, list the most important 5 or 6 points and determine the most logical order for these points to appear in the paper. Then, in writing, expand upon each of these individual topics. The order could be sequential if you are covering how a topic unfolded over time [ex: the advancement of weather technology due to warfare from the WWII to present-day]. Or, you could cover important points as they relate to your topic in a more natural order starting with a topic overview and then examining that topic from several angles. Using the latter approach, here is a sample outline for a paper on nuclear energy:
Point 1) Discuss the rising demand for electricity and how nuclear power can meet this demand.
Point 2) Explain how electricity is generated via nuclear fission.
Point 3) Give a brief history of nuclear power in US and how many plants are still functional, under construction etc. in the US.
Point 4) Describe the benefits of nuclear power over fossil fuels, renewables etc.
Point 5) Discuss the disadvantages of nuclear power.
Point 6) Present your opinion of whether we should be expanding or scaling back on nuclear power in this country.
Once you have your outline in place, you can choose a subtitle for each point. These can be bolded or underlined for clean formatting. The subtitles tell the reader what the next paragraph, page etc. will be about. Once you have your sub-titles, you just need to spend some time writing to expand upon the main themes or points that you’ve outlined for Assignment #5 – Your first draft. You may submit the outline in bullet form, or you may begin writing paragraphs for your first draft. Below is a sample outline in bullet form:
Introduction to nuclear power
Discuss the rising demand for electricity
How nuclear power can meet this demand due to its efficiency
One pound of uranium can generate approximately the same energy as a ton of coal
Nuclear Power Generation
Explain how nuclear power works to generate electricity and how extremely efficient it is
Discuss nuclear fission and use of Uranium 235 vs 238 (isotopes)
Water source for coolant (or alternatives such as molten salt, graphite in former Soviet Union from Chernobyl)
Little pollution, Greenhouse gases produced during electricity generation or ‘normal’ operations
History of nuclear energy in US
Give a brief history of nuclear power in US: first plant
Nuclear Age from 1960s-1980s
Eisenhower’s Atoms for Peace program
Impacts of Three Mile Island and Chernobyl on US nuclear power
How many plants are still functional?
Nuclear infrastructure is aging in this country and we’re at a critical juncture: invest or not in future of nuclear power
Only a single nuclear power plant currently under construction in the US.
Advantages of Nuclear Power
Describe the benefits of nuclear power over fossil fuels, renewables etc.
Little pollution, GHGs during normal operations
Little waste heat – very efficient at generating electricity
Cheap once plant is built, and cost is low over entire lifetime of nuclear power plant (which is decades)
Can build anywhere there is water for a coolant so you can build them near large urban centers
Can reprocess uranium waste so it is ‘nearly’ renewable
Disadvantages of nuclear power
Still releasing GHGs, pollution etc. during mining, construction, processing etc.
Uranium not as plentiful in US and have to import it
Possible threats of meltdown, terrorism
Still no real solution on how to deal with nuclear waste
Extremely costly to decommission old reactors and dispose of waste for thousands of years
Conclusion and Opinion
Reiterate points from the introduction: we’re seeing rising demand and cost for electricity
Nuclear power can meet this demand efficiently
Opinion on expansion or contraction of nuclear power in US
Submission: You will submit your paper by uploading a PDF to the Submission Portal under ‘Modules’. Please note that if I cannot open your outline on the due date, you will be given a grade of zero. Additionally, the submission window will close once the due date (and time) have passed.
