HOW HAS THE NATURE OF WAR CHANGED AND WHAT DOES IT TELL US ABOUT THE FUTURE OF INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT?

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How Has the Nature of War Changed and What Does It Tell Us About the Future of International Conflict?
            In comparison to the historical wars, it can be derived that the nature of war has gone through significant changes since the Cold War times. The changes are mainly reflected in the character of the war. Notably, the nature of war has undergone through rampant transformations recorded through the development of stronger and better standards of morality which enables the states and the force to offer protection to all the human identities by intervening in the events of war (Lengefeld 2020). Although nations are strongly enhancing their use of technology to enhance their success rates in war, more attention is provided on safeguarding human dignity during war by safeguarding civilian deaths. This paper provides an evaluation of the changes seen in the nature of war and the message derived from the changes in relation to the future of international conflict.
How the nature of war has changed over time
The use of Technology
            Since the Cold War period, the nature of war has remained to be interactive, violent, and fundamentally political (Lengefeld 2020). The three factors were considered as critical aspects which were at the heart of war. In the past, the internet was not provided with a priority as an effective tool which can be deployed to support warfare. However, this is an aspect which has significantly undergone through changes. Arguably, the use of technology, such as the internet, small satellite drones, enhanced sensors, a better broadband connection and video cameras have made significant transformations to war and politics. The technology has been effective in enabling the military to establish where their targets are located, thus making it simpler to strike with the advantage of precision and accuracy even from a distance (Howard 2009). The mentioned technology advances have ensured transformation when it comes to the nature of war in that they pave the way for cyber warfare, foreign political systems manipulation, and hacking. They enable people to broadcast rather than simply texting in a global manner which does not fall within the jurisdiction of the state. The technology also offers authoritarian nations with an instrument which they can rely on for political means of repression and control.
The use of Media’s Influence
            In the historical periods, the events and occurrences of a battlefield were focused on influencing the aspect of international politics only on the long-term and indirectly. Notably, the immediate goal of the combat was the military since this was the first step towards crippling the opponent’s side, thus limiting their capacity to fight (Lengefeld 2020). This is an aspect which has significantly experienced changes in that currently, the immediate purpose of an attacker is to generate news reports will exert pressure on the decision makers from the enemy’s side without necessarily hampering their fighting ability (Grondin, 2011). Arguably, the target is considered as the enemy’s will rather than what they consider as their capability. Notably, nowadays, battlefield success, if it constitutes towards a negative news media coverage, has a higher potential of doing a party more harm than good (Holsti 1991). It is clear that groups which have the capacity to bring themselves out as Western powers victims within an ongoing war are known to automatically generate the support of the western news media players. Notably, the images which represent this form of victimization among the media players are likely to emerge as winners during a war. This is founded on the fact that the narratives related with the presented form of victimization can exercise a powerful form of influence. For instance, it is apparent that in the currently ongoing Russia invasion war, Ukraine citizens are portrayed by the Western media as the party which is deserving of sympathy in comparison to Russia (Lengefeld 2020). The media has portrayed the citizens of Ukraine as those who should be provided with sympathy in comparison to the victims of the other military conflicts that have been experienced outside the western nations. For instance, in the currently ongoing Ukraine crisis, the Western media has continued to relay images of many Ukraine citizens being killed by the Russian troops during the warfare, thus putting them at a mercy of the people from the western communities.
            Therefore, it is clear that unlike in the past, war has now become a morality tale whereby violence is provoked to generate horrifying pictures likely to determine others’ political opinions. Arguably, the generated images can be used to make a party’s defensive action appear inhumane, aggressive, or even offensive. Evidently, these are outcomes which can arise from effectively utilizing force to generate a strategic loss.
            Clausewitz argued that the fundamental objective of war will never change based on the fact that violence is considered to be primordial and inherent feature of human nature (Barkawi, 2004). This is an aspect which has continued been visualized in different parts of the globe as represented in the form of dictatorship, extremist groups, and authoritarian regimes, none of which has proven to be new within the world order. Despite the fact that the nature of war has undergone through a significant transformation from the historical periods, it is evident that the function played by the military still remains to be the same, several years later. Despite having the military go through significant development, their basic role has still remained to be the same, that is, the provision of stability and security to the nation (Barkawi 2004). Similar to the past, it is also apparent that war is an instrument which is used to drive the process of policy establishment. War and politics are directly related in that the actions undertaken by the military has been utilized in achieving the political national interests which defines a critical aspect of war.
Responsibility to Protect
            The responsibility to protect (R2P) is one of the significant advances experienced in the nature of war since the Cold War period. R2P was introduced in 2001 with an aim of offering a humanitarian intervention during the war times. This suggests that significant transformation is also experienced in the character of war in that humanitarian intervention has also been put into place to ensure the protection of the people from atrocious crimes likely to be carried out on humanity under the war. However, through the responsibility to protect, more sophisticated rules of engagement have been put in place for the parties at war alongside effective care over the human lives, which provides an indication that significant transformation is experienced on the character of war. For example, it is clear that in 2011, NATO intervened in Libya to provide a guarantee that civilians are provided with requisite protection from a chaotic and violent regime (Gregory 2015). Despite being around for some time, it is clear that different UN members states have continued to take the state’s intervention seriously in the recent past (Lengefeld 2020).

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