Sexual Disorders; Their Causes and Treatments

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QUESTION
Sexual Disorders; Their Causes and Treatments
The stigma associated with individuals when they are diagnosed with sexual disorders pushes them to suffer in silence without the need to seek intervention. The burden of revealing the same issue to their partners makes it even worse. According to research, the most common sexual disorder in men is erectile dysfunction. This condition is associated with a lack of blood supply to the genitals of men thereby negative the effect of erection despite arousal. In women, the prevalent one is sexual arousal disorder. These two conditions emanate from both physical, emotional and medication causes and it is advisable that they be treated on a needs-based approach (Hatzimouritidis & Hartzichristou, 2012). Thus, the present paper will look at the causes of the two disorders and offer recommendations on their treatment.

Erectile Dysfunction

This is a condition associated with the failure to get an erection, and getting and failing to retain it for longer.

Causes

This condition as documented by Bisoyi (2019) can be a result of physical conditions, psychological, medication, and health-related factors. Physical factors can be a result of injury from the treatment of accidents that affect the spinal cord, cancer, diseases such as chronic STIs, diabetes 2, heart failure, blood pressure, prostate cancer surgery, and chronic kidney conditions among others. Medications that may affect the muscles of the penis are blood pressure medications, antidepressants, androgens which are drugs used for prostate cancer treatment, and seductive. Psychological issues include untreated depression and anxiety, fear of sexual failure, guilt, and low self-esteem.  Health-related issues involve smoking conditions, overweight, drinking alcohol excessively, and using illegal drugs and Viagra (Bisoyi, 2019).

Treatment

According to Hatzimouritidis & Hartzichristou, (2012), treatment of sexual disorders is dependent on the underlying condition and a patient-centered approach to treatment is the best way forward.  If the condition was caused by a drug, then the physician should advise the patient to change the drug or avoid it altogether. The best medications available are phosphodiesterase type 5(PDE5) inhibitors called (sildenafil, tadalafil, and vardenafil). For elderly patients sublingual apomorphine is advisable (Hatzimouritidis & Hartzichristou, 2012). In patients who are resistant or do not respond to drugs the best one is intracavernous injections which have a higher efficacy for the Erectile Dysfunction disorder. A penile prosthesis is the last option if all the other drugs have failed (Hatzimouritidis & Hartzichristou, 2012). In addition, counseling and exercise should go hand in hand with the drug treatment to stimulate the muscles around the pelvic region.

Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder

Women diagnosed with this condition have little or no interest in sex and they seem not to respond to stimulation both instinctively and even physically.

Causes

As documented, the increase in interest in sex both in women and men comes about with an increase in age. As individuals grow older their interest in sex diminishes but that is not the cause of this disorder. The causes of this condition are hormonal, psychosocial, and physical. Hormonal causes emanate from hormonal decrease especially after attaining menopause thereby causing blood flow to the genitals to reduce. As this happens individuals tend to feel pain during intercourse because the lining of the vagina has reduced due to less blood flow and causing friction and tear.
Psychosocial issues can be a result of untreated depression which women might undergo in their lives causing them a disturbance in their sexual life. These issues may include, sexual abuse or rape, pregnancy worries, partner struggles, religious and image change fears as well as economic fears of becoming a new mother among others.
Physical causes can be a result of undergoing medications for certain ailments like cancer which requires an individual to undergo chemotherapy which is an extremely painful experience, accidents, heart failure, and blood pressure. Some other drugs like antidepressants cause sexual changes.

Treatment

According to Allahdadi et al., (2010), Female sexual disorder can be addressed using a multifaceted approach, that is neurobiology, vasoactive, hormonal, and cultural issues should be addressed by interventionists. The best-documented therapy for female sexual arousal disorder is estrogen therapy. This comes in form of a ring, cream, and a tablet which the woman can use to lubricate the vaginal walls. Other medications include Bremelanotide, Flibanserin, and Androgen therapy but these drugs should be taken after diagnosis and counseling from the gynecologist.
Conclusion
The present paper aimed at addressing the causes and treatment of erectile dysfunction and sexual arousal disorders. These conditions come up as a result of medication use, depression, and experiences of dangerous diseases such as diabetes 2 and cancer. Treatment should be comprehensive by looking at all the conditions fully based on the needs of the patients. Counseling to address self-esteem should be paramount in all conditions to increase self-efficacy in sex for the patients.
 

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