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QUESTION
Questions 1 “ 7 (10 marks each)
Analyze each of the following passages using the basic concepts discussed in our course text. Specifically, for each passage, indicate whether it is an argument or not. If it is an argument, indicate whether it is a deductive, or an inductive argument. If it is a deductive argument, indicate whether it is a valid or an invalid deductive argument. If it is an inductive argument, indicate whether it is a strong or a weak inductive argument. Additionally, some of these arguments may display a type of informal fallacy. If the argument displays an informal fallacy indicate which one using the classifications outlined in our course text. Provide an explanation with all the indications you make for each passage.
1. He doesn’t eat pork, chicken, beef, mutton, veal, venison, turkey or fish. It follows that he must be a vegetarian.
2. Our company has paid the highest dividends of any Fortune 500 company for the last 5 consecutive years. In addition, we have not had one labor dispute. Our stock is up 25% in the last quarter.
3. If Freddie is the champion, then he will keep fighting until the end. Freddie is the champion. Therefore, Freddie will keep fighting until the end.
4. Either you like chocolate ice cream or you like vanilla ice cream. You say you don’t like vanilla ice cream. So, you like chocolate ice cream.
5. This cash register drawer contains over 100 coins. Four coins selected at random were found to have dates earlier than 1962. Therefore, the next (fifth) coin selected from the cash register drawer will probably have a date earlier than 1962.
6. Since Agnetha loves Bjorn and Bjorn loves Frida, it follows necessarily that Agnetha loves Frida.
7. Ninety-two percent of Albertans are rich. Sally is an Albertan. Therefore, Sally is rich.
8. Counterexample Question: (10 marks) The following argument is deductively invalid. Indicate the form, or structure, of the argument, and provide your own counterexample that clearly shows the invalidity.
All subjectivists are relativists. Some objectivists are subjectivists. Therefore, some relativists are not objectivists.
9. Argument Diagramming Question: (10 marks) This question considers the argument diagramming method our text discusses when covering extended arguments. Develop three arguments each with the conclusion Gun ownership in Canada should be prohibited.Construct your first argument in the vertical pattern. Construct your second argument in the horizontal pattern. Construct your third argument with conjoint premises.
10. Indicate the definitional technique, and the type of definition produced, in each of the following definitions. (2 marks each. 10 marks total.)
a. Natural language means something such as English, Spanish, German, Mandarin Chinese, or Hindi.
b. Virus means chicken pox, measles, small pox, polio, and the like.
c. Salary means wages.
d. A bitter fruit means a fruit that makes your mouth pucker when you taste it.
e. Abortion means the callous murder of a fetus.
Sample Solutions
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