HIV Disease’s and Kaposi Sarcoma’s Relationship

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Description of the Steps Taken to Conduct Data Analysis The relationship between KS and HIV has become increasingly ambiguous because of modern treatment methods for HIV (American Cancer Society 1; Bowling 7). In this paper, I sought to find out the relationship between the two variables. To do so, I analyzed data using SPSS (Argyrous 2-5; Verma 8). I used the Chi-Square test, Paired-sample T-test, and ANOVA tests to compare the variables and proportions of the data obtained. I also used frequency values and pie charts to analyze HIV and KS values. Comparatively, I used frequency (mean and median), the paired sample t-test, the ANOVA test (including Levene test) and correlation Pearson to analyze sbp1 and sbp2 values.

Summary of Statistical Findings Case Processing Summary Cases Valid Missing Total N Percent N Percent N Percent HIV disease * Kaposi Sarcoma * Sex or Gender 78 100.0% 0 0.0% 78 100.0% HIV disease * Kaposi Sarcoma * Sex or Gender Cross tabulation Sex or Gender Kaposi Sarcoma Total No Yes Female HIV disease No Count 15a 9a 24 Expected Count 14.5 9.5 24.0 % within HIV disease 62.5% 37.5% 100.0% % within Kaposi Sarcoma 65.2% 60.0% 63.2% % of Total 39.5% 23.7% 63.2% Yes Count 8a 6a 14 Expected Count 8.5 5.5 14.0 % within HIV disease 57.1% 42.9% 100.0% % within Kaposi Sarcoma 34.8% 40.0% 36.8% % of Total 21.1% 15.8% 36.8% Total Count 23 15 38 Expected Count 23.0 15.0 38.0 % within HIV disease 60.5% 39.5% 100.0% % within Kaposi Sarcoma 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% % of Total 60.5% 39.5% 100.0% Male HIV disease No Count 10a 15a 25 Expected Count 10.6 14.4 25.0 % within HIV disease 40.0% 60.0% 100.0% % within Kaposi Sarcoma 58.8% 65.2% 62.5% % of Total 25.0% 37.5% 62.5% Yes Count 7a 8a 15 Expected Count 6.4 8.6 15.0 % within HIV disease 46.7% 53.3% 100.0% % within Kaposi Sarcoma 41.2% 34.8% 37.5% % of Total 17.5% 20.0% 37.5% Total Count 17 23 40 Expected Count 17.0 23.0 40.0 % within HIV disease 42.5% 57.5% 100.0% % within Kaposi Sarcoma 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% % of Total 42.5% 57.5% 100.0% Total HIV disease No Count 25a 24a 49 Expected Count 25.1 23.9 49.0 % within HIV disease 51.0% 49.0% 100.0% % within Kaposi Sarcoma 62.5% 63.2% 62.8% % of Total 32.1% 30.8% 62.8% Yes Count 15a 14a 29 Expected Count 14.9 14.1 29.0 % within HIV disease 51.7% 48.3% 100.0% % within Kaposi Sarcoma 37.5% 36.8% 37.2% % of Total 19.2% 17.9% 37.2% Total Count 40 38 78 Expected Count 40.0 38.0 78.0 % within HIV disease 51.3% 48.7% 100.0% % within Kaposi Sarcoma 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% % of Total 51.3% 48.7% 100.0% Chi-Square Tests Sex or Gender Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (1-sided) Female Pearson Chi-Square .106c 1 .744 Continuity Correctionb .000 1 1.000 Likelihood Ratio .106 1 .745 Fisher’s Exact Test 1.000 .505 N of Valid Cases 38 Male Pearson Chi-Square .171d 1 .680 Continuity Correctionb .007 1 .934 Likelihood Ratio .170 1 .680 Fisher’s Exact Test .749 .466 N of Valid Cases 40 Total Pearson Chi-Square .004a 1 .952 Continuity Correctionb .000 1 1.000 Likelihood Ratio .004 1 .952 Fisher’s Exact Test 1.000 .569 N of Valid Cases 78 a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 14.13. b. Computed only for a 2×2 table c. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 5.53. d. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 6.38. Risk Estimate Sex or Gender Value 95% Confidence Interval Lower Upper Female Odds Ratio for HIV disease (No / Yes) 1.250 .326 4.788 For cohort Kaposi Sarcoma = No 1.094 .631 1.895 For cohort Kaposi Sarcoma = Yes .875 .395 1.938 N of Valid Cases 38 Male Odds Ratio for HIV disease (No / Yes) .762 .209 2.773 For cohort Kaposi Sarcoma = No .857 .416 1.767 For cohort Kaposi Sarcoma = Yes 1.125 .635 1.992 N of Valid Cases 40 Total Odds Ratio for HIV disease (No / Yes) .972 .388 2.437 For cohort Kaposi Sarcoma = No .986 .631 1.541 For cohort Kaposi Sarcoma = Yes 1.015 .632 1.628 N of Valid Cases 78 HIV and KS Values HIV Values Kaposi Sarcoma Statistics HIV disease Kaposi Sarcoma N Valid 78 78 Missing 0 0 HIV disease Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid No 49 62.8 62.8 62.8 Yes 29 37.2 37.2 100.0 Total 78 100.0 100.0 Kaposi Sarcoma Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid No 40 51.3 51.3 51.3 Yes 38 48.7 48.7 100.0 Total 78 100.0 100.0 SBP1 and SBP2 values Descriptive Statistics N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation Variance Systolic BP 1 78 61 143 108.94 16.308 265.962 Systolic BP 2 78 55 139 102.12 15.864 251.669 Age Group 78 1 7 3.35 1.458 2.125 Valid N (listwise) 78 Descriptive Statistics Mean Std. Deviation N Systolic BP 1 108.94 16.308 78 Systolic BP 2 102.12 15.864 78 Correlations Systolic BP 1 Systolic BP 2 Systolic BP 1 Pearson Correlation 1 .978** Sig. (2-tailed) .000 N 78 78 Systolic BP 2 Pearson Correlation .978** 1 Sig. (2-tailed) .000 N 78 78 **. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). T-Test One-Sample Statistics N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean Systolic BP 1 78 108.94 16.308 1.847 Age Group 78 3.35 1.458 .165 One-Sample Test Test Value = 0 t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Lower Upper Systolic BP 1 58.998 77 .000 108.942 105.27 112.62 Age Group 20.271 77 .000 3.346 3.02 3.67 Paired Samples Statistics Mean N Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean Pair 1 Systolic BP 1 108.94 78 16.308 1.847 Systolic BP 2 102.12 78 15.864 1.796 Paired Samples Correlations N Correlation Sig. Pair 1 Systolic BP 1 & Systolic BP 2 78 .978 .000 Paired Samples Test Paired Differences t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Lower Upper Pair 1 Systolic BP 1 – Systolic BP 2 6.820 3.399 .385 6.053 7.586 17.718 77 .000 Descriptives N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error 95% Confidence Interval for Mean Minimum Maximum Lower Bound Upper Bound Systolic BP 1 0-9 8 106.34 22.043 7.793 87.92 124.77 61 132 10-19 16 110.25 20.001 5.000 99.59 120.90 68 143 20-29 21 106.71 12.435 2.714 101.05 112.37 89 134 30-39 13 112.00 16.648 4.617 101.94 122.06 85 134 40-49 15 106.05 15.247 3.937 97.61 114.50 84 133 50-59 4 120.13 12.104 6.052 100.87 139.39 111 138 60-70 1 114.57 . . . . 115 115 Total 78 108.94 16.308 1.847 105.27 112.62 61 143 Systolic BP 2 0-9 8 99.17 21.882 7.736 80.88 117.47 55 125 10-19 16 102.50 20.154 5.039 91.76 113.24 62 139 20-29 21 100.39 12.501 2.728 94.70 106.08 81 130 30-39 13 105.07 14.635 4.059 96.22 113.91 79 124 40-49 15 100.93 15.776 4.073 92.20 109.67 80 130 50-59 4 108.92 9.326 4.663 94.08 123.76 102 123 60-70 1 108.41 . . . . 108 108 Total 78 102.12 15.864 1.796 98.55 105.70 55 139 Test of Homogeneity of Variances Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. Systolic BP 1 .963a 5 71 .447 Systolic BP 2 1.065b 5 71 .387 a. Groups with only one case are ignored in computing the test of homogeneity of variance for Systolic BP 1. b. Groups with only one case are ignored in computing the test of homogeneity of variance for Systolic BP 2. ANOVA Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Systolic BP 1 Between Groups 964.798 6 160.800 .585 .741 Within Groups 19514.270 71 274.849 Total 20479.068 77 Systolic BP 2 Between Groups 492.982 6 82.164 .309 .930 Within Groups 18885.519 71 265.993 Total 19378.501 77 Works Cited American Cancer Society. Kaposi Sarcoma. 2014. Web. Argyrous, George. Statistics for Research: With a Guide to SPSS, New York, NY: SAGE, 2011. Print. Bowling, Ann. Research Methods in Health: Investigating Health and Health Services, London, UK: McGraw-Hill International, 2009. Print. Verma, John. Data Analysis in Management with SPSS Software, New York, NY: Springer Science & Business Media, 2012. Print. Appendix Appendix One: Codebook and Syntax Code Variable Information Variable Position Label Measurement Level Column Width Alignment Print Format Write Format age 1 Age in Years Scale 6 Center F2 F2 sex 2 Sex or Gender Nominal 6 Left A8 A8 hiv 3 HIV disease Nominal 4 Left A6 A6 kaposisa 4 Kaposi Sarcoma Nominal 7 Left A6 A6 sbp1 5 Systolic BP 1 Scale 6 Right F8 F8 sbp2 6 Systolic BP 2 Scale 6 Right F8 F8 agegrp 7 Age Group Scale 8 Right F8 F8 delta 8 Difference sbp1 & sbp2 Scale 8 Right F8 F8 Variables in the working file Variable Values Value Label sex F 2 M 1 hiv N 2 Y 1 kaposisa N 2 Y 1 agegrp 1 0-9 2 10-9 3 20-29 4 30-39 5 40-49 6 50-59 7 60-70

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