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Can you help me understand this Political Science question?

Instructions: Do not include statements such as great work, or excellent post. Try to include information that is challenging and respectful and that will stimulate debate. Additionally, please remember that simply posting the main post and a student colleague response post does not end the forum; the discussion forum should be dialogue that is continual until the Sunday deadline. Also, be mindful of including references and citations whenever citing facts to support your position.

Response posts 250 words and 1 reference for support is also the minimal expectation; APA 6th edition citations and references.

Respond to Trent:

What was the ruling in Marbury v Madison and how did it change the role of the judiciary? The questions asked in the case of Marbury v Madison was, “do the plaintiffs have a right to receive their commission, can they sue for their commission, and does the Supreme Court have the authority to order the delivery of their commissions” (Oyez, 2020). According to the Oyez website, the Court found that “Madison’s refusal to deliver the commission was illegal but did not order Madison to hand over Marbury’s commission via a writ of mandamus. Instead, the Court held that the provision of the Judiciary Act of 1789, enabling Marbury to bring his claim to the Supreme Court, was itself unconstitutional since it purported to extend the Court’s original jurisdiction beyond that which Article III, Section 2, established” (Oyez, 2020). Marshal later, “expanded that a writ of mandamus was the proper way to seek a remedy but concluded the Court could not issue it. Marshall reasoned that the Judiciary Act of 1789 conflicted with the Constitution. Congress did not have the power to modify the Constitution through regular legislation because the Supremacy Clause places the Constitution before the laws. In so holding, Marshall established the principle of judicial review, i.e., the power to declare a law unconstitutional” (Oyez, 2020). The outcome of the case allows for federal courts to declare legislative and executive acts unconstitutional. This case is an example of how simple wording or ideology can jeopardize the effectiveness of the Constitution and chip away at the sides of an Amendment weakening the effectiveness based on partisanship.

Judicial activism and Judicial review both are related to the legal system but are opposites in approach. Judicial activism “is the interpretation of the Constitution to advocate contemporary values and conditions” (Prabhat S, n.d.). Judicial restraint is, “where the courts should uphold all acts of the Congress and the state legislative unless they are violating the Constitution of the country” (Prabhat S, n.d.). The difference is that judicial restraint helps with the balance of power with the three branches and a review of consistent laws (Prabhat S, n.d.). Judicial activism allows for the ability to overrule individual acts or judgments (Prabhat S, n.d.). Also, with judicial activism, judges are required to use their powers to correct injustices when the other constitutional bodies are not acting (Prabhat S, n.d.).

One example I found for judicial activism was in an article by Elizabeth Slattery talking about the Federal drug sentencing issues. Slattery describes, “Federal law imposes mandatory minimum sentences for defendants convicted of drug crimes that typically correspond to the type and amount of drug involved in the crime. Before August 2010, a defendant convicted of possession with intent to distribute five grams of crack cocaine was subject to a mandatory five-year minimum sentence, whereas a defendant would have to possess 500 grams of powder cocaine with the intent to distribute before he could be subjected to the same mandatory minimum sentence. In August 2010, Congress passed the Fair Sentencing Act, which reduced the disparity in sentencing between offenses involving crack cocaine and those involving powder cocaine from a ratio of 100-to-1 to a ratio of 18-to-1 to restore fairness to federal cocaine sentencing. Two years later, the Supreme Court determined that the Act applied to sentences imposed after August 2010 even if the offense was committed before that time” (Slattery, 13 C.E.).

It seems like a great plan, then along came to the Equal Protection Clause guarantees that all people are equal under the law (Slattery, 13 C.E.). The courts recognized that “the 100-to-1 ratio did not violate equal protection when Congress adopted it in 1986 because there was no intent or design to discriminate. However, the Court asserted, the discriminatory nature of the old sentencing regime is so obvious that it cannot seriously be argued that race does not play a role in the failure to retroactively apply the Fair Sentencing Act” (Slattery, 13 C.E.).

The above case shows how judges can overrule the legislative role and put policy considerations above the requirements of the law (Slattery, 13 C.E.). So, to summarize the events instead of interpreting the law and following applicable precedents, the courts ignored prior cases both for and against to reach their own desired outcome (Slattery, 13 C.E.). This direction of handling issues will have to much partisan influence, so a better way to establish a fair and balanced system is needed. I have no idea how to fix such a problem; it seems throwing more laws and restraints only makes the problem worse.

References

Prabhat S. (n.d.). Difference Between Judicial Activism and Judicial Restraint | Difference Between. Retrieved March 3, 2020, from http://www.differencebetween.net/language/words-language/difference-between-judicial-activism-and-judicial-restraint/

Oyez. (2020). Marbury v. Madison. Oyez. https://www.oyez.org/cases/1789-1850/5us137

Slattery, E. (13 C.E., June 13). How to Spot Judicial Activism: Three Recent Examples. The Heritage Foundation. https://www.heritage.org/the-constitution/report/how-spot-judicial-activism-three-recent-examplesLiterature Search, Part I: assignment help philadelphia
I need an explanation for this Psychology question to help me study.

Literature Search, Part I
One of the more important questions you will need to ask and answer for yourself as you develop your research study is: “Which qualitative research approach best fits my research question?” You may be able to reframe your research question to fit more than one qualitative approach; generally, though, one of the available approaches is likely to fit better than the others once you have a well-defined question. The only way to make this determination is to develop a familiarity with different approaches.

In this Discussion, you will conduct a literature review of your topic area, focusing your choice on a research study that uses one of the qualitative approaches covered this week.

Looking for a particular kind of qualitative article on your topic may be more difficult than finding a needle in a haystack. Do not hesitate to broaden your search to incorporate related phenomena or different target groups in order to find a study. Go to the Walden Library for tips and strategies for efficient searching. Make sure you get the complete citation of the article, as well as the .pdf, because your Instructor will want to review the article.
Be aware that your posting will first require an extensive article analysis. What you post is a summary of your work, not the entire analysis. This is good practice for summarizing and evaluating research for your capstone.
To prepare for this Discussion:
Review the reading materials about the different approaches in this week’s Learning Resources. Conduct your own literature search to find a published study that represents one of the approaches. Review the following resources before proceeding with your own article review:

Document: R8360 Guidelines for Reading and Evaluating Qualitative Research Articles (PDF)

Document: Example of How to Read and Evaluate a Qualitative Research Article (PDF)

By Day 3
Contribute a 3-paragraph Discussion post in which you respond to the following:
Summarize the characteristics of the approach of the research article you chose during your literature search. Summarize the research article, including the citation and sufficient information for your classmates and Instructor to locate the article. Present a short critique of that article based on the “R8360 Guidelines for Reading and Evaluating Qualitative Research Articles” document.
Required Readings
Patton, M. Q. (2015).
Qualitative research & evaluation methods: Integrating theory and practice (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Chapter 3, “Variety of Qualitative Inquiry Frameworks: Paradigmatic, Philosophical, and Theoretical Orientations” (pp. 85–168) Chapter 4, “Practical and Actionable Qualitative Applications” (pp. 169–242)
Basic Qualitative Research

Bowers, B. J., Fibich, B., & Jacobson, N. (2001). Care-as-service, care-as-relating, care-as-comfort: Understanding nursing home residents’ definitions of quality. The Gerontologist, 41(4), 539–545. Retrieved from
http://gerontologist.oxfordjournals.org/
Care-as-Service, Care-as-Relating, Care-as-Comfort Understanding Nursing Home Residents’ Definitions of Quality by Bowers, B.; Fibich, B.; Jacobson, N., in The Gerontologist, Vol. 41/Issue 4. Copyright 2001 by Oxford University Press – Journals, The Gerontological Society of America. Reprinted by permission of Oxford University Press – Journals, The Gerontological Society of America via the Copyright Clearance Center.watch the documentary 13th, available on Netflix. Click on the youtube video below for a preview.
I’m trying to study for my English course and I need some help to understand this question.

This is an optional extra credit assignment. To complete this assignment watch the documentary 13th, available on Netflix. Click on the youtube video below for a preview.

Answer the following questions:
What is the main argument/point of the documentary? (1-2 paragraphs) Connect the content of the documentary with at least one term, concept or theory from chapter 11 OR chapter 7 (1-2 paragraphs) What is your personal response to the film? (1-2 paragraphs)

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